O Instituto finlandes de Saúde Ocupacinal (FIOH) está destacando em seu Site comentários sobre estudo chamado Reduzindo erros humanos no Trabalho. Numa tradução livre o título do texto abaixo pode ser lido como "Para Reduzir erros humanos, o trabalho deve estar de acordo com capacidades humanas."
Vale a pena ler o texto. Destaco também o Boletim (Factsheet) de duas páginas que aparece citado no final. Os esquemas aprentados são muito didáticos para entender como situações de sobrecarga induzem o trabalhador a cometer erros.
Abraços
PB
To reduce human errors, work must be within human capabilities
11.06.2015
Between 100 000 and 125 000 occupational accidents occur each year at Finnish workplaces, the majority of which are believed to be caused by human factors. The SUJUVA project of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) - Better work flow, less errors: Decreasing human errors at work –produced a survey and an occupational accident investigation method that can be used to identify the conditions that may trigger cognitive failures, human errors and occupational accidents. In this way, measures to diminish these can be targeted at the relevant factors. The project results reveal that it is important to reduce time pressure and excessive workload, to manage factors that distract focus and attention, and to support good choices and decisions.
Human error is often blamed when there is no clear reason for an incident, i.e., when devices, systems or the environment are not the cause. Human errors can weaken the flow of work, cause unnecessary delays and economic losses, and in the worst cases, lead to occupational accidents and fatalities.
FIOH’s SUJUVA project determined how work methods and work environments can be designed to promote the safety and smooth flow of work tasks, and to decrease cognitive failures. The study was carried out at workplaces with complicated, constantly changing tasks in fluctuating working conditions; for example, maintenance, construction, logistics, and production work. A total of 1681 employees took part, from four organizations.
”The survey respondents considered working conditions, excessive workload, and disruptions and interruptions at work the main causes of occupational accidents,” says Specialist Researcher Pia Perttula from FIOH. “These same factors were also associated with the prevalence of cognitive failures.”
”As regards working conditions, time pressure and excessive workload in particular, and poor instructions and indiscernible warning signs proved to be the key factors that predisposed employees to cognitive failures,” continued Senior Researcher Simo Salminen, also from FIOH.
Typical backgrounds to occupational accidents
The project examined 47 occupational hazards and accidents using its occupational accident investigation method. It found that the same types of accidents and incidents often reoccur at workplaces, and that previously it has been impossible to affect these. The most typical situations that led to occupational accidents were such in which workers had to focus on several things at the same time, and had to work fast or under time pressure, and during which something had disrupted their perception. Problems connected to the work environment and conflicting goals predisposed workers to occupational accidents. The most typical cognitive failures were difficulties in predicting situations, not noticing dangers or not observing something essential.
The survey data and accident figures showed that factors related to working conditions, especially poor instructions and communication problems, also predicted a company’s number of accidents.
More realistic planning, less human errors
The SUJUVA project enabled us to get to grips with human errors at conventional workplaces in a completely new way, and to find underlying causes that we can concretely tackle. According to the project results, in order to reduce cognitive failures, human errors and occupational accidents, it is important to reduce time pressure and workload, improve instructions and danger warnings, improve communication, and make things easier to notice and perceive.
“Work and the work environment must be planned on a human scale in order to reduce cognitive failures. It is important to identify the reasons behind the errors, so that we focus on the right things,” emphasizes Perttula.
The research was funded by the Finnish Work Environment Fund.
- Efetue login ou registre-se para postar comentários
